UTXO = unspent transaction output

coinbase (not the exchange)

the generation of freshly minted bitcoin

reward of solving the proof of work

The reward gets halved after every 210,000 Blocks.

For every block, it started with 50 Bitcoins as reward, after the first 210,000 Blocks it became 12.5 Bitcoin as rewards and so on.

It was 50 during Satoshi Nakamoto time, then it became 25, then 12.5, then 6.25 until all the bitcoins are minted.

These reward transactions are not going to be used for the next 100 Blocks. Thats the rule.

locktime is when a transaction happens (when a transaction is hashed)

concept of date on a cheque

setting lock time in future

Concept of Turing complete

a programming language for example.

HTML is not turing complete but javascript is.

XML is not turing complete.

An instrument where a Turing machine can be simulated. That instrument is programming language. So a language is turing complete or not depending on if it has looping features, if-else.

Regular expressions are not Turing complete

How to condition a transaction?

through scripting language

Bitcoin has a scripting language too which is not Turing complete

Transaction format

I didn't understand this part

UTXO = Unspent transaction output

Are these the transactions that are created as coinbase transaction but not yet disbursed?

An open source key value database is used called leveldb for this.

What is outstanding transaction?

output has been spent OR the output has not been spent

clarify this concept